Florence Reece (1900-1986) was an American social activist, poet, and songwriter, best known for writing the famous protest song "Which Side Are You On?". The wife of Sam Reece, a union organizer for the United Mine Workers, she composed the song's lyrics in 1931 during the bloody coal miners' strike in Harlan County, Kentucky. She wrote the words on a calendar while the local sheriff and his men were terrorizing her family, searching for her husband. The melody was adapted from a traditional Baptist hymn. Popularized by artists such as Pete Seeger, the song became a powerful anthem for the American labor movement and was later adopted by numerous other civil rights causes. Although she wrote other socially-themed poems and songs, her fame remains tied to this single, influential work. An important recognition of her legacy was her appearance in the Academy Award-winning documentary *Harlan County, U.S.A.* (1976), in which she performed her historic composition.