Nicole Stéphane, the pseudonym of Nicole de Rothschild (1923-2007), was a French actress, producer, and director. A member of the Resistance during World War II, she rose to fame as an actress in two films directed by Jean-Pierre Melville: *Le Silence de la mer* (1949) and especially *Les Enfants terribles* (1950), adapted from the work of Jean Cocteau, which established her as an icon of post-war French cinema. Her acting career was cut short by a car accident. Subsequently, she embarked on a successful career as a producer. Her production company created impactful documentaries, including Frédéric Rossif's *To Die in Madrid* (1963), about the Spanish Civil War, which won the Prix Jean Vigo and received an Academy Award nomination for Best Documentary Feature. She also produced Marcel Ophüls' acclaimed *The Sorrow and the Pity* (1969), another Academy Award nominee, solidifying her reputation in politically engaged and historically significant documentary filmmaking.