Renzo Rossellini (Rome, 1908 – Monte Carlo, 1982) was an Italian composer and music critic, best known for his film scores and his artistic partnership with his brother, director Roberto Rossellini. His music was instrumental in defining the atmosphere of Neorealism, accompanying masterpieces such as *Rome, Open City* (1945), *Paisan* (1946), and *Germany, Year Zero* (1948). Throughout his prolific career, he composed over one hundred film scores, also collaborating with directors such as Vittorio De Sica, Mario Monicelli, and Jean Renoir. His output was not limited to cinema: he composed operas, including *La guerra* and *Uno sguardo dal ponte*, as well as ballets, oratorios, and chamber music. For his work, he received major awards, including the Nastro d'Argento for Best Score in 1950 for the film *L'edera*, establishing himself as one of the most significant figures in 20th-century film music.